>>93 The purpose of politics is to rid human social life of the violence that is the price of anarchy by substituting for it the peace and security of which the price is law and order. Success in achieving this purpose is the standard of judgment by which the value of a political system has to be judged.
success in A でAにおける成功 Success in achieving this purpose この目的を達成することにおける成功 つまり「この目的を果たしていること」これが主語。
よって、Success in achieving this purpose is the standard of judgment は 「この目的を果たしていること」がthe standard of judgment（判断基準） である。という意味
by which は前置詞プラス関係代名詞 The value of a political system has to be judged by the standard of judgement. 「政治体制の価値はこの判断基準によって判断されなければならない。」
One of TypeScript’s core principles is that type checking focuses on the shape that values have. 最後のhaveは他動詞で後ろが省略されているんでしょうか？ thatは関係代名詞でhaveの目的語the shape が省略されているということでしょうか？
hammer in - teach by drills and repetition https://www.thefreedictionary.com/hammer+in
its strength = the strength of the bridge
>The courageous volunteers were harnessed to the side of the bridge as a precaution but reassuringly none of them managed to break through the glass. And just to drive the point home, a 15-tonne SUV was then driven over the glass just to, er, hammer in its strength. pioneer-english.blogspot.com/2016/07/glass-bridge-in-china.html
THIS IS NOT A DRILL：訓練ではありません ※軍隊や公共施設内のアナウンスとして用いられる表現だが、日常的にも少し大げさに指示したい場合に使われることもある https://jurienglish.com/gossip-eigo-jim-carrey-false-alarm-in-hawai
https://youtu.be/hnZKcKpKiZo こちらの動画のタイトルが I Made Rie a Surprise Birthday Cake! なのですが、これは文法的に正しいのでしょうか？ I made a surprise birthday cake for Rie! が正しいのでは、、と思ったのですが動画の制作者の方はネイティブだし・・
b. 〖make AB/B for A〗 A〈人〉にB〈物〉を作ってあげる(↓ 2, 7b, 17b; → give 他動詞 1 文法 語法 (5)(a) ) ▸ Ann made her a doll.≒A doll was made (for her) by Ann. アンは彼女に人形を作ってやった (!(1)受け身は通例Aを主語にしない; ╳She was made a doll by Ann. (2)Bを主語とする場合は, Aを省略するかfor Aとするのが一般的) .
1 2012 FIC Bk:LostEverything A B C three eggs, boiled in water with a little salt. A little rice. Made him some tea, a few ancient bags that I strained the flavor from, 3 2010 FIC ContempFic A B C Mickievicov to brew him some linden tea. As she usually did, she made him some, making sure to let the dried linden blossoms steep for exactly the 4 2009 FIC Bk:Disappearance A B C to the hardware store. Then I'll walk down and see Terry. I made him some brownies yesterday. # " He's doing poorly, isn't he 5 2008 FIC Bk:Wind A B C a specialty of charming his way into old ladies' homes and, while they made him some sandwiches, pocketing anything he thought he could sell. He was a 6 2005 SPOK NBC_Today A B C and white pants. And basically we glued some je
151 名前：wels on there, and we made him some bell-bottoms out of a pillowcase, and his guitar is actually a Kleenex 7 2004 FIC NewYorker A B C see Marge made off with the rental car, " he said. # Briggs made him some coffee and a piece of toast, which he nibbled cautiously while reading 8 2003 SPOK CBS_48Hours A B C know there is nobody like him. ! MORIARTY: But Edmonds business made him some potent enemies as well. ! DUNNE: He turned in []
9 2002 SPOK CBS_SixtyII A B C like that. ! ROSE: In all, Tony Hawk products have made him some $20 million over the last two years alone. PAT ! 10 2001 FIC Mov:Believer A B C know. # LINDA # Do you know them? (off him) I made him some noodles for dinner. You can heat them up and -- # DANNY 11 1998 MAG RollingStone A B C for the millionth time about how his big break never seemed to come, she made him some hot tea. " Don't worry about it, " she advised 12 1994 FIC Bk:Heat A B C another man were in his office, and I got the impression that you had made him some sort of offer that he hadn't accepted. " " Did you 13 1994 FIC Mov:EdWood A B C in her purse and pulls out two black booties. # KATHY # Well, I made him some booties to cheer him up. (beat) They're black -- 14 1991 FIC Bk:LoveMoney A B C probably have tapped him much sooner if his sharp tongue and independent mind hadn't made him some powerful political enemies.
(1) Your interpretation 1 is correct - I made him a cake means the same as I made a cake for him. This is indeed a common construction in English, and would generally be understood.
There is a subtle difference between I made him a cake and I made a cake for him, though. I made him a cake would indicate that you are making a cake that you will give to him. I made a cake for him could indicate the same, or it could mean that you made a cake on his behalf.
(2)
In English, you will commonly encounter sentences of the form: Subject - Verb - Indirect Object - Direct Object, where the direct object (cake/warning/present) describes "on what" the verb is acting and the indirect object (him) provides a second target, often describing "for what" or "to what" the verb is doing to the direct object.
Examples:
I - made - him - a cake I - gave - him - a present I - told - him - a story
A handful of major states resisted pressure Dec. 15 to ramp up efforts to combat global warming as a U.N. climate summit ground to a close, angering smaller countries and a growing protest movement that is pushing for emergency action.
as の部分ですが、ground は grind の過去形でいいのでしょうか grind to a halt という表現は見つけたのですが、 grind to a close という表現もあるのでしょうか。
文法について質問させてください。 undertale というゲームのmonster kid というキャラクターのセリフで 「say someting mean so I can hate you?」 というセリフがあるのですが、ここでのmean とso はどういう役割をしているのでしょうか。 意味的には、自分が君を憎めるよう何か言ってくれ、という感じらしいのですが、something （名詞）とmean（動詞）が続いていることに違和感があります。
I'm about to leave my country to go abroad to a four-year university. go abroadやgo to a four-year universityならわかりますが go abroad to a four-year university.はなぜ言えるのですか
