- 751 名前：１３２人目の素数さん mailto:sage [2009/09/26(土) 03:45:29 ]
- >>746
(1)
tan(x)^n･{tan(x)^2 + 1} = tan(x)^n / cos(x)^2 = tan(x)^n {tan(x)} ',
∴ (与式) = ∫[0,π/4] tan(x)^n･{tan(x)} 'dx
= [ (1/(n+1))tan(x)^(n+1) ](x=0〜π/4)
= 1/(n+1),
(2)
(右辺) = 4Σ[k=1,n](-1)^(k+1)/(2k-1) = 4Σ[k=1,n] [ (-1)^(k+1)/(2k-1) x^(2k-1) ](x=0,1)
= 4Σ[k=1,n] ∫[0,1] (-1)^(k+1) x^(2k-2) dx
= 4∫[0,1] Σ[k=1,n] (-1)^(k+1) x^(2k-2) dx
= 4∫[0,1] {1 + (-1)^(n-1)･x^(2n)}/(1+x^2) dx
→ 4∫[0,1] 1/(1+x^2) dx (n→∞)
= 4[ arctan(x) ](x=0〜1)
= π,
(3)
Σ[k=1,n] (-1)^(k+1)･(1/k) = - Σ[k=1,n] [ (-1)^(k+1)･(1/k)x^k ](x=0,1)
= Σ[k=1,n] ∫[0,1] (-1)^(k+1)･x^(k-1) dx
= ∫[0,1] Σ[k=1,n] (-1)^(k+1)･x^(k-1) dx
= ∫[0,1] {1 - (-x)^n}/(1+x) dx
→ ∫[0,1] 1/(1+x) dx
= [ log(1+x) ](x=0〜1)
= log(2),
∴ lim(n→∞) e^{Σ[k=1,n] (-1)^(k+1) 1/k} = 2,
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