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Flag since 1920Coat of arms (1990?1992)

Motto
"Pravda vit?zi / Pravda zvi?azi" (Czech / Slovak, 1918?1990)
"Veritas vincit" (Latin, 1990?1992)
"Truth prevails"
Anthem
Kde domov m?j  ?  Nad Tatrou sa blyska
(first verses only)
Location and extent of Czechoslovakia in Europe
before and after World War II.
CapitalPrague (Praha)
LanguagesCzech ・ Slovak
GovernmentRepublic
President
 - 1918?1935 (first)Toma? G. Masaryk
 - 1935?1938 ・ 1945?1948Edvard Bene?
 - 1938?1939Emil Hacha
 - 1989?1992 (last)Vaclav Havel
Prime Minister
 - 1918?1919 (first)Karel Krama?
 - 1992 (last)Jan Strasky
Historical era20th century
 - Independence28 October 1918
 - German occupation1939
 - Liberation1945
 - Dissolution31 December 1992
Area
 - 1921140,446 km2 (54,227 sq mi)
 - 1993127,900 km2 (49,382 sq mi)
Population
 - 1921 est.13,607,385 
     Density96.9 /km2  (250.9 /sq mi)
 - 1993 est.15,600,000 
     Density122 /km2  (315.9 /sq mi)
CurrencyCzechoslovak koruna
Internet TLD.cs
Calling code+42
Calling code +42 was retired in winter 1997. The number range was subdivided and re-allocated amongst the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Liechtenstein.
Current ISO 3166-3 code is "CSHH".

Czechoslovakia (or Czecho-Slovakia;[1] Czech and Slovak: ?eskoslovensko, ?esko-Slovensko)[2] was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

From 1939 to 1945, following its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany, the state did not de facto exist but its government-in-exile continued to operate. In 1945, the eastern part of Carpathian Ruthenia was taken over by the Soviet Union.
Contents

1 Basic characteristics

2 Official names

3 History

3.1 Foundation

3.1.1 Origins

3.1.2 Founding

3.1.3 Ethnicity


3.2 Interwar

3.3 Munich betrayal and German occupation

3.4 Communist Czechoslovakia

3.5 After 1989


4 Heads of state and government

5 Foreign policy

5.1 International agreements and membership


6 Administrative divisions

7 Population and ethnic groups

8 Politics

9 Constitutional development

10 Economy

11 Resource base

12 Transportation and communications

13 Society

14 Education

15 Religion

16 Health, social welfare and housing

17 Mass media

18 Sports

19 Culture

20 Postage stamps

21 Timeline

22 See also

23 Notes

24 References and sources

25 Further reading