〈英語記事〉宇宙最強の物質「核パスタ」は鋼鉄の100億倍［09/14］

〈英語記事〉宇宙最強の物質「核パスタ」は鋼鉄の100億倍［09/14］ at SCIENCEPLUS

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18/09/20 11:56:00.18 CAP_USER.net
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宇宙最強の物質「核パスタ」は鋼鉄の100億倍
URLﾘﾝｸ(www.sciencenews.org) …
”Nuclear pasta”、中性子星の地殻物質、ねじったパスタとかラザニアみたいな構造してると推測されている。物理的強度を算出
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”核パスタ”のうちラザニア状なのには一応名前があって「テラサキ斜路(Terasaki ramps)」
コネチカット大学の生物学者Mark Terasaki氏が2014年に細胞膜で発見した多孔質多層構造。自走式立体駐車場ビルの構造に類似
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A strand of spaghetti snaps easily, but an exotic substance known as nuclear pasta is an entirely different story.
Predicted to exist in ultradense dead stars called neutron stars, nuclear pasta may be the strongest material in the universe. Breaking the stuff requires 10 billion times the force needed to crack steel, for example, researchers report in a study accepted in Physical Review Letters.
“This is a crazy-big figure, but the material is also very, very dense, so that helps make it stronger,” says study coauthor and physicist Charles Horowitz of Indiana University Bloomington.
Neutron stars form when a dying star explodes, leaving behind a neutron-rich remnant that is squished to extreme pressures by powerful gravitational forces, resulting in materials with bizarre properties (SN: 12/23/17, p. 7).
About a kilometer below the surface of a neutron star, atomic nuclei are squeezed together so close that they merge into clumps of nuclear matter, a dense mixture of neutrons and protons. These as-yet theoretical clumps are thought to be shaped like blobs, tubes or sheets, and are named after their noodle look-alikes, including gnocchi, spaghetti and lasagna. Even deeper in the neutron star, the nuclear matter fully takes over. The burnt-out star’s entire core is nuclear matter, like one giant atomic nucleus.
Nuclear pasta is incredibly dense, about 100 trillion times the density of water. It’s impossible to study such an extreme material in the laboratory, says physicist Constança Providência of the University of Coimbra in Portugal who was not involved with the research.
■Al dente
When atomic nuclei get squeezed together inside a neutron star, scientists think that globs of nuclear matter form into shapes reminiscent of various types of pasta, including gnocchi (left in these simulations of nuclear pasta), spaghetti (middle) and lasagna (right).
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関連記事
Physical Review Letters - Accepted Paper: <article-title>Elasticity of nuclear pasta
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Neutron stars may contain the universe’s strongest material | Science News
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